History of the Peloponnesian War
Richard Crawley (1874)
Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War (c. 400 BCE, here in Richard Crawley's 1874 translation) narrates the long war between Athens and Sparta that convulsed the Greek world. Rejecting myth and the gods as causes, Thucydides pioneered a rigorous, evidence-based history driven by human nature, power, and self-interest—most famously in Pericles' Funeral Oration and the Melian Dialogue. It is a founding work of history, political realism, and the study of war.
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